Joy of Translation

Monterey Language Services worked to translate an excerpt of a very famous Mandarin pop song, 青花瓷 (Blue and White Porcelain).

We present an English translation that recreates the story of the original song in comfortable, singable English.

Even if you don’t speak Chinese, you can truly enjoy and sing the song! That is precisely the intention of this project – to show how much joy a great piece of translation can bring to people.

Be on the lookout for our YouTube videos, which will have both individuals and groups singing the song!

For reference: https://youtu.be/EWIOdhz4oQQ

Interpretation of the Lyrics

Our translation is based on our unique interpretation of the lyrics as a dialogue between an art connoisseur and an antique blue and white porcelain vase from the Song dynasty.

The art connoisseur stumbles upon the vase in a town south of the Yangtze river, in the Jiangnan (“south of the river”) region, an area known for its drizzly weather, for the beauty and soft-spoken nature of its residents, and for being the birthplace of many beautiful works of pottery.

Banana trees, rain, and door-rings rusting green portray not only the humid climate of Jiangnan, but also the perfect weather for bringing out the best color in making porcelain.

The song recalls this fateful encounter and the art connoisseur’s feelings of longing for this immortal work of art.

As listeners, we are invited to share in the connoisseur’s feelings of awe towards the secrets of ancient pottery that have been forgotten for thousands of years.

This art connoisseur could even be imagined as a non-Chinese person fascinated with Chinese culture.

In the second verse, the art connoisseur sees a bowl with leaping carp and is reminded of an antique blue and white porcelain vase, or “you.” The verse describes his discovery of the vase behind a splashed ink painting among other old works of art.

The lyrics reference many different traditional Chinese arts and crafts, such as calligraphy, seal-carving (such as for the potter’s marks stamped on the underside of vases and bowls), embroidery, and landscape painting in the “splashed ink” style.

The song can be viewed as a love letter to Chinese culture.

About the Original Song

With their 2007 song “Blue and White Porcelain”, musician Jay Chou and lyricist Vincent Fang ushered in a trend of “Chinese style” (中國風) songs in Mandopop music, fusing traditional Chinese cultural elements and instrumental stylings with contemporary and Western influences.

Vincent Fang’s lyrics are crafted in a hybrid of modern and classical Chinese, blending literary allusions to classical art forms with the intimacy of address in a modern love song.

Apparently, Fang initially wrote the song about a different kind of pottery called Ru ware (汝瓷), known for the beautiful sky-blue color of its glaze.

However, because a song titled “Ru ware” seemed too esoteric, the theme was eventually changed to blue and white porcelain.

This porcelain is more widely known and therefore easier for the audience to visualize, and Fang also thought it was better suited to convey love, the emotion at the song’s core.

Lyrics

色白花青的錦鯉 躍然於碗底
Carp leaping live in the bowl, painted white and blue

臨摹宋體落款時 卻惦記着你
tracing the old potter’s mark, I’m thinking of you

你隱藏在窯燒裏千年的秘密
You’re the secret kept in the kiln all these centuries

極細膩猶如 繡花針落地
fine as a sewing needle’s falling ‘clink’

簾外芭蕉惹驟雨 門環惹銅綠
Banana trees tempt the rain, doors rust to green

而我路過那江南小鎮惹了你
and when I passed through your town, you enchanted me

在潑墨山水畫裏
Splashed in the landscape painting

你從墨色深處被隱去
you were hidden in the depths of ink

Credit and Disclaimer

The original Chinese song is credited here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uf8HHCcbpFc&list=PLZMNI72DYSfavFSLH-o0WfWQ2C-1dbj_e&index=13

This English translation is a collaboration between Mei-Ling Chen and Christoph Zhang.

The English translation shown in this video is property of Monterey Language Services for purely educational purposes.

Monterey Language Services has no intention to use it for commercial profit.

We often present clients with guidance on how to work with interpreters, and frequently get asked about AI. This is because many people are waiting for the day that they can simply go online and use AI to seamlessly translate between two different languages, but we would like to say it out loud here: THAT DAY HAS YET TO COME.

Please also check out this flip-book we’ve made https://heyzine.com/flip-book/20de67a12a.html

Please also check out our playlist for Chinese localization case studies: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLO-QGEbwcTr14xqfiR38Mp-EhHAmclsUY

We localized the Interpreters and Music video into traditional Chinese as an example to compare translation accuracy between humans versus AI and to identify some classic AI issues.

One of the biggest weaknesses of AI is that it often struggles with names. For instance, the name “Laura” was translated into both “蘿拉” and “勞拉.” When we saw this inconsistency in names, we looked at each other with amusement because this happens all the time. Some may say AI spelling names incorrectly isn’t a big deal since it’s an easy fix. However, for those people, we’d like to share a real-life example.

In a lease contract we worked on, Paragraph 1 said that the landlord shall be known as ‘A’ and the tenant as ‘B’. Paragraph 2 called the landlord ‘C’ and the tenant ‘D’. This was a document with 30,000 words that a client asked us to quote for reviewing the translation, which had probably been done by an AI. Just in terms of reviewing names, how much effort would it take to find out if there were places that call the landlord “E” and the tenant “F” and so on? Not to mention all the work it would take to find other mistakes that humans typically need several rounds of review to detect.

Our analysis also uncovered that AI defaults to using the pronoun “你,” referring to males and offering no female form “妳.”

AI have translated love song titles like “Suddenly Missing You” and “Stuck on You” into traditional Chinese, using the male form. The male singers may not prefer using the male form of “you” in their love song titles. Otherwise, a native speaker in traditional Chinese would feel kind of strange, reading it.

We inserted line breaks on messages that appear in the video. With line breaks, AI seemed to lose the context of the lines.

Line breaks are important. We are often requested to insert line breaks in Asian language marketing materials. Take Japanese line breaks as an example. There are some basic rules for line breaks or how to break words up, but at the same time, there are a lot of exceptions, which humans can easily catch if they understand Japanese, but not AI. In other words, humans break things apart (debriefing) and put them together in a creative way, which AI is just not capable of.

It turns out that AI struggles to translate any segment accurately and, at times, produces unnatural and contextually absurd translations. As shown in the screenshot below, even with a relatively short source text, the quality of AI translation was unbelievably subpar.

AI translated “interpretation” as “explanation” due to a lack of context.
AI translated “Performance” to machine’s performance rather than that of the interpreter’s.
AI mistakenly translated the meaning of “like” as “to be fond of” instead of “similar to.”
AI word-for-word translation for “big heart” doesn’t make sense to a Chinese audience.

It’s clear to us that AI is not able to handle messages that are broken down by line breaks. This then leads us to a question: How well could AI handle entire messages without line breaks?

We conducted a retest by removing all the line breaks on messages. In this attempt, the text was formatted in a more machine-friendly way to enhance AI’s understanding. But even so, post-editing remained an essential step, with 80% of the segments requiring significant human intervention. Without this crucial step, AI translations either come across as rigid and less relatable to our audience, or contain mistranslations. Below are some examples.

Example 1:
The AI translation appears rather stiff because the word “sync” was translated literally. The audience might wonder what it means to “sync” one language to another. Human translators are able to further explain the context of sync, that is, interpreters “listen to one language and convey it in another language.”

Example 2:
AI translated “more emotionally acute” as “more impatient,” which not only deviates from the intended meaning of the source, but also negates the impact of the word “music”. During post-editing, we replaced it with “more emotionally sensitive,” which is more contextually accurate.

Example 3:
AI did word-for-word translation again. It doesn’t sound like what a normal person would say in Chinese. As a dynamic language, Chinese favors verbs over nouns and usually keeps sentences short. Therefore, in post-editing, we restructured the sentence to make it fit a typical Chinese writing style, and flow more naturally.

Example 4:
AI’s translation of “concentration” lacked clarity. Without referring to the source, it was hard to grasp the intended meaning. So, we opted for a more precise choice of words.

Example 5:
AI does a literal translation, full of ambiguity and rigidity, which doesn’t make clear sense to a Chinese audience.

Translation is supposed to flow naturally to engage the audience. It is the more immersive and relatable experiences that make humans feel comfortable. These are exactly the areas where we as interpreters and translators can contribute to.

There may be a lot of gloom and doom from some in the community who think that their jobs are at risk, however, the reality is that we’re training AI to speak our language, but they aren’t able to fully understand it like we can. They can process it, try and find the corresponding pattern in their database, and come to a conclusion that they think is right, but they won’t always be. That’s where interpreters and translators will always have the edge over AI. Human creativity and our ability to understand what’s important, and the culture embedded in it, enables us to make sure that we are conveying the intended message.

We tried one of the latest AI platforms to translate one of our office videos into Mandarin.

While we were impressed by the seamless process and the voice cloning feature that enhanced voice modulation, we couldn’t help but notice pronunciation and translation errors in the generated video. Given that Mandarin Chinese is a tonal language, tones can become a source of misunderstanding if not pronounced correctly. The chosen video introduces the rental service of our conference room, making “conference” a high-frequency word. However, throughout the video, AI consistently pronounces the Chinese word for “conference,” as “memory,” with tones differing from the former. Also, “state-of-the-art” in Chinese is pronounced the same way that “cash” is. This could undoubtedly complicate the message we aim to convey if left alone.

The translation issues we caught are mostly recurring problems caused by machine translation as discussed above. Take the first sentence as an example. AI translated “Looking for a conference room to have a meeting over video or in person?” as “Can you look for a conference room via video or in person meeting?” AI’s rendition deviates from the original meaning, which is likely caused by line breaks, leading to confusion and miscommunication. Such discrepancies underscore the importance of post-editing and human intervention to refine machine-generated translations.

Our conclusion becomes clear.

In this age of AI becoming more prevalent, humans just need to work smarter to beat out AI. As individuals in an evolving world, it’s important to accept technological advancements, but also understand that AI lacks creativity, individuality, improvisation capability, and the understanding of human cultures. That’s how humans can break through and go beyond AI’s limitations.

Tate Miller, Dean at the Center for Advising and Career Services at Monterey Institute of International Studies (MIIS), conveyed to us that many students had wonderful conversations with us at the MIIS job fair. This brought back a lot of fond memories. The feeling is mutual; we also had a fantastic time talking to the students. Among the interesting topics we discussed:

– how a translation and interpretation company like Monterey Language Services is operated

– how all of the languages are supported at Monterey Language Services

– how to distinguish yourself from your peers in a competitive job market

– how medical interpretation involves human life and feelings that go beyond technical interpretation

– how instant messaging has changed the way language is processed in our minds

– how something like music is related to language and translation

We consider all of the students our colleagues. They showed us a lot of talent in their conversation and works, enriched us with their different perspectives and strengths, and we were very happy to share our experiences from 12 years working in the translation and interpretation industry. In fact, we enjoyed talking with the students so much that we were the last table at the career fair and at the reception the night before. Like the last table remaining after a busy night in a lively restaurant or at a good party, the one that stays the longest laughs and enjoys themselves the most!

In short, we care about each individual encounter. To us, it is not only a process of submitting and collecting resumes; instead, we always seek to bridge different hearts, minds, and ideas, whether participating in an event like the MIIS Career Fair or connecting at the workplace. As a result of this conviction, students’ passion, energy, fun, and laughter is seen coming out.